Publications
Publications of the Groundbased Remote Sensing Group concerning HF Radar
Complete papers are available to internal use.
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| Reviewed paper | Conference paper not reviewed | Click at the number to read an abstract |
 63 | K.-W. GURGEL and T. SCHLICK, 2007, Compatibility of FMCW Modulated HF Surface Wave Radars with Radio Services International Radar Symposium IRS 2007, Cologne, Germany, September 2007. |
| 62 | K.-W. GURGEL and T. SCHLICK, 2007, Land-Based Over-the-Horizon Radar Techniques for Monitoring the NE Atlantic Coastal Zone In: Barale, V. and Gade, M. (Ed): Remote Sensing of the European Seas Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 447...460, 2007 in print.  Link to Springer |
| 61 | I. EHLERT, T. SCHLICK, B. BENOIT, K.-W. GURGEL, 2007, Determine the Location of a Thermal Front in the Iroise Sea by Using HF Radar Data and Tide Model Results IGARSS 2007, Barcelona, July 2007. |
| 60 | K.-W. GURGEL, Y. BARBIN and T. SCHLICK, 2007, Radio Frequency Interference Suppression Techniques in FMCW Modulated HF Radars Oceans 2007 Europe, Aberdeen, June 2007 |
| 59 | C. Chavanne, I. Janekovic′, P. Flament, P.-M. Poulain, M. Kuzmic′, and K.-W. Gurgel, 2007, Tidal currents in the northwestern Adriatic: High-frequency radio observations and numerical model predictions J. Geophys. Res., 112, C03S21, doi:10.1029/2006JC003523, 2007. |
| 58 | K.-W. GURGEL and T. SCHLICK, 2005, HF Radar Wave Measurements in the Presence of Ship Echoes - Problems and Solutions. Oceans 2005 Europe, Brest, June 2005. |
| 57 | K.-W. GURGEL and T. SCHLICK, 2005, HF Radar Applications for Operational Forecasting of Coastal Regions. Eighth International Conference on Remote Sensing for Marine and Coastal Environments, Halifax, Nova Scotia Canada, 17-19 May 2005. |
| 56 | K.-W. GURGEL, H. H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2006, An Empirical Method to Derive Ocean Waves From Second-Order Bragg Scattering - Prospects and Limitations. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, VOL. 31, NO. 4, October 2006, pp. 804...811. |
| 55 | H. H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, and T. SCHLICK, 2003, Safer Navigation in Coastal Areas with the Aid of Radar-measured Surface Currents. EARSel 2003 Conference, eProceedings. http://las.physik.uni-oldenburg.de/eProceedings/vol03_1/03_1_essen1.html |
| 54 | K.-W. GURGEL, H. H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2003, HF Surface Wave Radar for Oceanography - A Review of Activities in Germany - Radar 2003 Conference, Proceedings. |
| 53 | K.-W. GURGEL, H. H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2003, The use of HF radar networks within operational forecasting systems of coastal regions. in 'Building the European Capacity in Operational Oceanography' 3rd International EuroGOOS Conference, Proceedings pp. 245..250, Elsevier, ISBN 0 444 51550 X. |
| 52 | K.-W. GURGEL, H. H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2002, The Role of HF Radar within Operational Forecasting Systems of the Ocean. IGARSS'2002 Conference, Proceedings, Paper 02_03_13:40. |
| 51 | H. H. ESSEN, Ø. BREIVIK, H. GÜNTHER, K.-W. GURGEL, J. JOHANNESSEN, H. KLEIN, T. SCHLICK, and M. STAWARZ, 2003, Comparison of remotely measured and modeled currents in coastal areas of Norway and Spain The Global Atmosphere and Ocean System (ISSN 1023-6732), Volume 9, Number 1-2, pp. 38...64, 2003. |
| 50 | L. R. WYATT, J. J. GREEN, K.-W. GURGEL, J. C. NIETO BORGE, K. REICHERT, K. HESSNER, H. GÜNTHER, W. ROSENTHAL, Ø. SÆTRA, and M. REISTAD, 2003, Validation and intercomparions of wave measurements and models during the EuroROSE experiments. Coastal Engineering, Vol 48, pp. 1..28, 2003. |
| 50a | L. R. WYATT, J. J. GREEN, K.-W. GURGEL, J. C. NIETO BORGE, K. REICHERT, K. HESSNER, H. GÜNTHER, W. ROSENTHAL, Ø. SÆTRA, and M. REISTAD, 2001, Comparisons of Wave Measurements from the EuroROSE Fedje Experiment. Waves 2001 Symposium, Proceedings, pp. 201...210 . |
| 49 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2001, Current Structure off the North Spanish Coast observed by HF Radar. IGARSS'2001 Conference, Proceedings, Session SS60, (CD-ROM: TU02_02.PDF). |
| 49a | H. GÜNTHER, K.-W. GURGEL, Ø. BREIVIK, J. GUDDAL, L.R. WYATT, J.C. NIETO BORGE, 2001, EuroROSE: A Project to Support Shipping in Port Approaches. IGARSS'2001 Conference, Proceedings, (CD-ROM: WP17_13.PDF). |
| 48 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2001, Applications of WERA within EuroROSE. First International Radiowave Oceanography Workshop, ROW 2001, Proceedings. |
| 47 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2001, The University of Hamburg WERA HF Radar - Theory and Solutions. First International Radiowave Oceanography Workshop, ROW 2001, Proceedings. |
| 46 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN, and T. SCHLICK, 2000, Eddy dynamics off the Norwegian coast, recorded by HF radar. IGARSS'2000 Conference, Proceedings, pp. 1839...1841. |
| 45 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL and T. SCHLICK, 2000, Measurement of ocean surface waves by HF radars using a direction finding receive antenna. IGARSS'2000 Conference, Proceedings pp. 2943...2945. |
| 44 | K.-W. GURGEL 1999, Applications of Coastal Radars for Monitoring the Coastal Zone. Proceedings EUROMAR Workshop'99. Published by: EUROMAR Office, Agência de Inovação, S.A., Av. dos Combatentes, 43, 10°C/D, 1600-042 Lisboa, Portugal, pp. 21...30. |
| 43 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL and T. SCHLICK, 1999, Measurement of ocean waveheight and direction by means of HF radar: an empirical approach. German Hydrographic Journal, Volume 51 (1999), No. 4, pp. 369...383. |
| 42 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL and T. SCHLICK, 2000, On the accuracy of current measurements by means of HF radar. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, VOL. 25, NO. 4, October 2000, pp. 472...480. |
| 41a | The EuroROSE Group: H. GÜNTHER, K.-W. GURGEL, G. EVENSEN, L.R. WYATT, J. GUDDAL, J.C. NIETO BORGE, K. REICHERT, W. ROSENTHAL 1998, EuroROSE - European Radar Ocean Sensing. Proceedings of the COST Conference "Provision and Engineering / Operational Application of Wave Spectra", 21.-25. September 1998, Paris France. |
| 41 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN and T. SCHLICK, 1999, Tracking of fresh-water plumes in Dutch coastal waters by means of HF radar. IGARSS'99 Conference, Proceedings Vol V, pp. 2548...2550, 1999. |
| 40 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN and T. SCHLICK, 1998, The Dynamics of Freshwater Plumes at the Dutch Coast as observed by high-resolution HF Radar. OCEANS'98 Conference, Proceedings Vol I, pp. 467...471, 1998. |
| 39 | L.R. WYATT, K.-W. GURGEL, H.C. PETERS, D. PRANDLE, H.E. KROGSTAD, O. HAUG, H. GERRITSEN, G.J. WENSINK, 1998, The SCAWVEX Project. Ocean wave measurement and analysis, Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium WAVES97, published by ASCE, vol 2, pp. 1457...1467, 1998. |
| 38 | K.-W. GURGEL and H.-H. ESSEN, 2000, On the performance of a ship-borne current mapping HF radar. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, Vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 183...191, 2000. |
| 37 | K.-W. GURGEL, G. ANTONISCHKI, H.-H. ESSEN and T. SCHLICK, 1999, Wellen Radar (WERA), a new ground-wave based HF radar for ocean remote sensing. Coastal Engineering, VOL 37, NOS. 3-4, ISSN 0378-3839, pp. 219...234, August 1999. |
| 36 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN and S. P. KINGSLEY, 1999, HF radars: Physical limitations and recent developments. Coastal Engineering, VOL 37, NOS. 3-4, ISSN 0378-3839, pp. 201...218, August 1999. |
| 35 | K.-W. GURGEL, G. ANTONISCHKI and T. SCHLICK, 1998, HF Radar Systems for Wave and Current Measurement. Oceanology'98 conference, Proceedings Volume 3, ISBN 0 900254 22 X, pp. 423...433, 1998. |
| 34 | A.J. SOUZA, J.H. SIMPSON, F. SCHIRMER, 1997, Current structure in the Rhine region of freshwater influence. Journal of Marine Research, Vol 55, pp. 277...292, 1997. |
| 33 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1997, Near-surface circulation in the Pomeranian Bay. 7th German - Polish Seminar on Coastal and Estuary Dynamics, Workshop Documentation, German IDNDR Committee for Natural Disaster Reduction, pp. 33...49, ISBN: 3-933181-07-0, December 1998. |
| 32 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1997, Experience with Shipborne Measurement of Surface Current Fields by HF Radar. Oceanography (ISSN 1042-8275), Vol 10, No 2, pp. 82...84, 1997. |
| 31 | K.-W. GURGEL, G. ANTONISCHKI, 1997, Measurement of Surface Current Fields with High Spatial Resolution by the HF Radar WERA. IGARSS'97 Conference, Proceedings, pp. 1820...1822, 1997 |
| 30 | K.-W. GURGEL, G. ANTONISCHKI, T. SCHLICK, 1997, A Comparison of Surface Current Fields derived by Beam Forming and Direction Finding Techniques as applied by the HF Radar WERA. IGARSS'97 Conference, Proceedings, pp. 1805...1807, 1997. |
| 29 | K.-W. GURGEL, G. ANTONISCHKI, 1997, Remote Sensing of Surface Currents and Waves by the HF Radar WERA. Seventh IEE Conference on Electronic Engineering in Oceanography, Proceedings, ISBN 0 85296 689 X, pp. 211...217, 1997 |
| 28 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1995, The variability of surface current fields in the Pomeranian Bay as measured by Decameterwave Radar. Polish Academy of Sciences - Institute of Hydroengineering, Hydrotechnical Transactions No 60, pp. 53...64, 1996. |
| 27 | H.-H. ESSEN, 1995, Geostrophic surface currents as derived from satellite SST images and measured by a land-based HF radar. Int. Journ. Rem. Sens. 16, pp. 239...256, 1995 |
| 26 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, F. SCHIRMER, Z. SIRKES, 1995, Horizontal variability of surface currents in the Dead Sea. Oceanologica Acta, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 455...467, 1995. |
| 25 | Z. SIRKES, F. SCHIRMER, H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, 1994, Surface currents and seiches in the Dead Sea. In: T.M. Niemi, Z. Ben-Avraham, and J. R. Gat (eds.). The Dea Sea - The Lake and Its Setting. Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics, No. 36, ISBN 0-19-508703-8, published 1997. |
| 24a | F. Schirmer, H.-H. Essen, K.-W. Gurgel, T. Schlick and K. Hessner 1994, Local Variability of Surface Currents Based on HF-Radar Measurements. In: Circulation and Contaminant Fluxes in the North Sea, J. Sündermann (Ed.), Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994, ISBN 3-540-56825-5, pp. 271...289, 1994 |
| 24 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1994, Shipborne measurement of surface current fields by HF radar (extended version). L`Onde Electrique. Septembre-Octobre 1994, Vol 74,no 5, pp. 54...59, 1994. |
| 23 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1994, Experience with shipborne measurement of surface current fields by HF radar. IEEE Oceans 94 Conference, Proceedings, pp. III-23...III-27, 1994. |
| 22 | H.-H. ESSEN, 1994, On the capability of an up-ward-looking ADCP deployed in the Iceland-Faeroe frontal area. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 46, pp. 211...228, 1994. |
| 21 | A.W. VISSER, A.J. SOUZA, K. HESSNER, J.H. SIMPSON, 1994, The effect of stratification on tidal current profiles in a region of freshwater influence. Oceanologica Acta, Vol 17, No 4, pp. 369...381, 1994. |
| 20 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1993, CODAR application in the Pomeranian Bay. 5th German - Polish Seminar on Dynamics of Odra Estuary, Proceedings, pp. 251...260, 1993. |
| 19 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1993, Flächenhafte Messung der Oberflächenströmung vom fahrenden Schiff aus - Eine neue Anwendung des Hochfrequenz-Radarverfahrens am Beispiel der Arktisfront. University of Hamburg Ph.D. Thesis, published in: Berichte aus dem Zentrum für Meeres- und Klimaforschung, Reihe B: Ozeanographie, Nr. 4, 1993. |
| 18 | J.H. SIMPSON, W.G. BOS, F. SCHIRMER, A.J. SOUZA, T.P. RIPPETH, S.E. JONES and D. HYDES 1993, Periodic Stratification in the Rhine ROFI in the North Sea. Oceanologica Acta, Vol 16, No 1, pp. 23...32, 1993. |
| 17 | H.-H. ESSEN, 1993, Ekman Portion of Surface Currents, as Measured by Radar in Different Areas. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 45, pp. 57...85, 1993. |
| 16 | R. DOERFFER, W. PULS, D. PAN, H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, K. HESSNER, T. POHLMANN, F. SCHIRMER, T. SCHLICK, 1993, Evaluation of the North Sea joining in situ and remotely sensed data with model results. In: Sündermann, J. (Ed): Circulation and contaminant fluxes in the North Sea, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 434...457, 1993. |
| 15 | F. SCHIRMER, H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, T. SCHLICK, K. HESSNER, 1993, Local variability of surface currents based on HF-Radar measurements. In: Sündermann, J. (Ed): Circulation and contaminant fluxes in the North Sea, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp. 271...289, 1993. |
| 14 | K.-W. GURGEL, 1991, Erfahrungen mit dem Satelliten-Navigationssystem GPS - Genauigkeiten an Land und auf See. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 44, pp. 35...49, 1991 (erschienen 1992). |
| 13 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, F. SCHIRMER, T. SCHLICK, 1991, Neue Technik für flächendeckende Strömungsmessungen im Meer. In: Kurs Nord, Meeresforschung mit VALDIVIA (ed. by H. Thiel), Verlag Boyens, 1991. |
| 12 | T. SCHLICK, K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN, F. SCHIRMER, 1990, Remotely Controlled CODAR continuously observed surface currents in the German Bay. IEEE Fourth Working Conference on Current Measurement 1990, Proceedings, pp. 15...21, 1990. |
| 11 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, F. SCHIRMER, T. SCHLICK, 1989, Surface currents during NORCSEX'88, as measured by a land- and a ship-based HF-radar. IGARSS'89 Proceedings, Vol.2, pp. 730...733, 1989. |
| 10 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, F. SCHIRMER, 1989, Surface currents in the Norwegian Channel measured by radar in March 1985. Tellus 41A, pp. 162...174, 1989. |
| 9 | NORCSEX'88 GROUP, 1989, NORCSEX'88, a pre-launch ERS-1 experiment. EOS Trans., Vol.70, No.49, pp. 1528-1538, 1989. |
| 8 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, F. SCHIRMER, 1988, Horizontal and temporal variability of surface currents in the ``Lübecker Bucht``, as measured by radar. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 41, pp. 57...74, 1988 (erschienen 1989). |
| 7 | F. SCHIRMER, H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, 1987, Surface currents remotely observed by means of radar. International Conference on Coastal Engineering 1986, Proceedings, Vol.3, pp. 2653...2663, 1987. |
| 6 | K.-W. GURGEL, H.-H. ESSEN, F. SCHIRMER, 1986, CODAR in Germany - a status report valid November 1985 -. IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, OE-11, pp. 251...257, 1986. |
| 5 | H.-H. ESSEN, T. FREYGANG, K.-W. GURGEL, F. SCHIRMER, 1984, Oberflächenströmungen vor Sylt - Radarmessungen im Herbst 1983 -. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 37, pp. 201...215, 1984 (erschienen 1985). |
| 4 | H.-H. ESSEN, M.M. JANOPAUL, E. MITTELSTAEDT, J. BACKHAUS, 1983, Surface currents in the German Bight measured by backscattered radio waves - a comparison with conventional measurements and model results. North Sea Dynamics (ed. by Sündermann and Lenz), pp. 159...165, Springer Verlag 1983. |
| 3 | H.-H. ESSEN, K.-W. GURGEL, F. SCHIRMER, 1983, Tidal and wind-driven parts of surface currents as measured by radar. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 36, pp. 81...96, 1983. |
| 2 | M.M. JANOPAUL, P. BROCHE, J.C. DEMAISTRE, H.-H. ESSEN, C. BLANCHET, G. GRAU, E. MITTELSTAEDT, 1982, Comparison of measurements of sea currents by HF radar and by conventional means. International Journal of Remote Sensing 3, pp. 409...422, 1982. |
| 1 | H.-H. ESSEN, E. MITTELSTAEDT, F. SCHIRMER, 1981, On near-shore surface current measurements by means of radar. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 36, pp. 1...14, 1981. |